An issue Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

An issue - Assignment Example In any case, then again, professional decision activists contend this is basically a distraction, as it expect that life is consequently acceptable, and that if the child is brought to term everyone will be cheerful. At last, in spite of the fact that it is a clingy issue ethically, permitting singular ladies the option to rehearse fetus removal legitimately appears to be more good than giving a sweeping forswearing of premature birth for any ladies whatsoever. The choice to make premature birth legitimate in the mid 1960s is one that was, and that keeps on being, disputable. In any case, â€Å"legal fetus removal has verifiably profited ladies and their families† (Joffe, 54), in the fundamental in light of the fact that these ladies no longer need to search out perilously unsanitary, bootleg market alternatives in the event that they don't wish to carry a kid to term. From this perspective, obviously probably the most grounded contention for legitimizing premature birth doesn 't really expect whether fetus removal itself is good. It basically expresses that since ladies will get premature births at any rate, it is progressively good to guarantee that they can get premature births lawfully, as these premature births are more secure. Joffe likewise takes note of this is one of the greatest good issues with hostile to premature birth developments, as they make for a circumstance where â€Å"the United States may well come back to the circumstance of the pre-Roe period, when ladies of means figured out how to get protected fetus removal care and helpless ladies regularly did not† (59) because of absence of simple access to fetus removal centers. Be that as it may, numerous individuals contend that the lady isn't the individual who has the most grounded moral right in instances of premature birth. Rather, they state, it is the unborn kid or baby who has the right to be secured the most. This is on the grounds that they contend from a for the most part Christian or possibly strict point of view, which holds that â€Å"life [is] a valuable blessing from God and that man [does] not reserve the option to execute the honest kid in the womb† (Karrer 528). From this point of view, permitting premature birth to be legitimate is basically equivalent to authorizing murder, as it executes a potential kid who may somehow have lived. This reality is integral to understanding the star life perspective on premature birth as an improper insidiousness, and clarifies why, in spite of the Roe V Wade case which legitimized the training across the nation, there keep on being various gatherings who depict themselves as trying â€Å"to advance regard for the value and nobility of all human life, including the life of the unborn kid from the snapshot of conception† (Karrer 554). In any case, this contention is somewhat of a distraction. In the event that all human life merits maintaining similarly, at that point the woman’s life sho uld likewise be maintained with respect and worth. This is at the core of why premature birth is such a clingy issue, as the expert life contentions must necessarilyâ€or in any event shouldâ€also center around how to safeguard and treat the life of the lady who needs the fetus removal. Aside from women’s wellbeing, keeping fetus removal lawful can likewise bigly affect women’s social freedom. M. Mansion noticed that such strict contentions about premature birth can once in a while abandon manner of speaking to reality by making governmental issues â€Å"profoundly against female and supporting sex inequality† (1). In this contention, the ethical quality of keeping premature birth lawful moves from a basic matter of wellbeing and to one of human rights. It isn't only that legitimate fetus removal implies

International Economic relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Worldwide Economic relations - Essay Example Now and again, completely new credits were contracted to support intrigue as it were. Simultaneously brokers in the western world disregarded signs of a fast approaching obligation emergency and stayed more than ready to renegotiate developing credits of creating nations, however with shorter developments. In this procedure, third world obligation snowballed from $130 billion of every 1973 to about $612 billion out of 1982. Somewhere in the range of 1975 and 1980 four nations needed to defer amortization installments while overhauling interest as it were. The sparkle that touched off the LDC obligation emergency can be promptly distinguished as Mexico's failure to support its extraordinary obligation to the U.S. business banks and different lenders. The emergency started on August 12, 1982, when Mexico's pastor of money educated the Federal Reserve administrator, the secretary of the treasury, and the IMF overseeing executive that Mexico would be not able to meet its August 16 commitments to support a $80 billion obligation. At that point by 1983 the quantity of nations defaulting on their reimbursements arrived at twenty one, and some underdeveloped nations had founded state criminal procedures against open figures because of supposed carelessness and misusing of open cash. The way that the 1982 emergency happened when there was a lofty ascent in loan costs in the U.S. underscores the importance of the capital outpouring component of a monetary emergency. The energy about the dollar around then additionally implies that reimbursements amplified the capital outpouring in household money terms. Simultaneously, the going with drop in dollar costs of globally exchanged products sabotaged inflows got from sends out. It is likewise important to specify that the satiation portrayed above is additionally reflected in the 1994 money related emergencies in Mexico, Turkey and Venezuela similarly credited to emotional inversion of enormous scope loaning to developing markets, just as the experience of Argentina in 1995 and East Asian economies in 1997. There is the contention that the greater part of that emergencies were portrayed with a lot of universal advances to prevent default, henceforth the reprimand of Mexico at the beginning of the 1982 emergency declined a money related condition that was conceivably sensible. 1. Equalization of Payments During the second piece of the 1970s, and incompletely because of the oil value stuns, most nations on the planet experienced huge swings in their present record adjusts. These improvements produced noteworthy worry among strategy creators and investigators, and provoked various specialists to break down cautiously the determinants of the current record. As Edwards (2000) composes, the leaving point depended on the acknowledgment on two interrelated realities. Initially, from an essential national bookkeeping viewpoint the current record is to reserve funds less venture. Second, since the two reserve funds and venture choices depend on intertemporal factors -, for example, life cycle contemplations and expected degrees of profitability extends, the current record is fundamentally an intertemporal marvel. The Balance of Payments (BOP) is a record of all exchanges between one nation and every other nation - exchanges that are estimated regarding receipts and installments. A nation's worldwide exchanges can be gathered into three classes: Current record: records net progression of cash into a nation coming about because of exchange products and enterprises and move installments produced using abroad. The current record

A Movie Review: Girl with a Pearl Earring

The film is Peter Webber's adjustment of a novel by Tracy Chevalier about the splendid craftsman, Johannes Vermeer.Girl with a Pearl Earring is superbly made and enamoring. Much credit ought to go to the creation individuals behind it, as they effectively made every scene resemble a work of art. That way, they are being devoted not simply to the book where the film originated from, yet to the splendid craftsman who once lived in the individual of Johannes Vermeer. The film all in all was a great show-stopper and a fitting tribute to a surprising artist.What I like the most about the film is their decision of music, which is simply proper for the seventeenth century Delft. It is likewise imperative that they had a young lady in the cast, Grit (Scarlett Johansson), who was made to truly look like Vermeer’s painting, as though predetermination (and maybe great beauty care products) had made it happen.The film adequately shows Johannes Vermeer (Colin Firth)’s character as a for the most part quiet man. He invested a great deal of energy simply standing quietly and contemplating his condition from various unnoticeable corners. This is maybe emblematic of his intrinsic qualities as a man.In resentment of his temperament, Vermeer was pressured to go to amazing social events with the end goal of his specialty acknowledgment. Be that as it may, he required a lot of isolation on the off chance that he could just choose for himself. With the exception of there was not a great deal of decisions for him. All things considered, he required the grandiose get-togethers requested by the first class Venetian culture to win a living for his family and himself. It is fascinating to take note of that when he kicked the bucket in 1675, he previously had eleven (11) children.Come 1665, Johannes Vermeer painted a secretive showstopper, an artistic creation of a unidentified model who clearly postured for him. Before, there had been a couple of speculations and nitty grit ty hypotheses that chose accepting that the composition was that of one of Vermeer’s little girls. Nothing has been affirmed, however. This is the place the film turns with much intriguing twists.Then Griet (Scarlett Johansson) was introduced.Grit was beautiful and appealing, and it shouldn’t be difficult to envision why a craftsman that is normally attracted to magnificence would be keen on her.Griet, similar to Vermeer, is one who is no more abnormal to isolation. In any case, in contrast to the isolation of Vermeer, Griet’s isolation has a ton to do with her heartbreaking status in the separating Delft standing system.Vermeer and Griet framed a bond, which finished in his making an artistic creation of her. The scene where he gives her his show-stopper was moving. The two on-screen characters were extremely persuading and the lines they said were delicate for the human mind.When Griet tells Vermeer, ‘You've seen into me,' the association was more than u ncovered. It was celebrated.The film, in general, is astounding and unquestionably worth viewing. A few scenes †like when Vermeer was instructing Griet the stunt of playing with the light for catching reasonable craftsmanship †were unforgettable.The film’s cinematographer Eduardo Serra, creation planner Ben Van Os, and workmanship chief Christina Shaeffer, all merit a series of acclaim for having made a moving picture out of the still artistic creations of a virtuoso.

Explain The ethical Issues when the board of directors must approve Essay

Clarify The moral Issues when the top managerial staff must support plans for moving an organization creation offices from a stateside area to an abroad area - Essay Example The utilitarian hypothesis shows its most genuine self here by talking about the joy or the deficiency in that department, with worries to the individuals who will miss out on their occupations and funds once the organization chooses to move its creation offices from a stateside area to an abroad one. The utilitarian hypothesis will pass judgment on the specific measure of moral contemplations in accordance with the endeavors of the association once it chooses to change areas (Cornman, 1992). The utilitarian hypothesis hence stresses a lot on the workers’ comprehension of the current circumstance and how they will adapt up to the future ramifications of moving creation offices to an abroad area. The company’s initiative should adjust the requirements of the laborers in accordance with the hierarchical objectives, crucial vision. Nobody can take inclination over the other and it is the obligation of the hierarchical top administration to grasp how it can work the two components to have a success win circumstance at the end. This will guarantee accomplishment at all levels, just as show development and advancement at all potential levels and towards all laborers who appear to pass up the reason of working for this association in the

Value Alignment free essay sample

Apple Inc. plans, fabricates, and showcases versatile correspondence, media gadgets, PCs, compact advanced music players, and sells related programming administrations (Partner, 2013). The authors of Apple were Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne, and Steve Wozniak; Wayne offered his piece of the organization to Jobs and Wozniak for $800. Apple opened up to the world in 1980 at $22 an offer. Apple is the second biggest innovation organization, third biggest mobile phone maker and in the best 10 fortune 500 rundown. The causes and ensuing development of work environment esteems have not changes for Apple throughout the years. Apple has kept up their basic beliefs, for example, recruiting the ideal individual, execution, and trustworthiness and advancement. Subtleties stay a high need to apple since they have seen the outcomes in their prosperity. It is critical to be morally stable and treat individuals reasonable. The individual qualities referenced are what drive every one of our group members’ activities and practices. The main thrust behind each member’s impression of the worth has a deliberate implying that comes about whether intentionally pondered while performing brought together errands. We will compose a custom paper test on Worth Alignment or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page As per Graziadio Business Report (2009), Values drive conduct and should be deliberately expressed, however they additionally should be asserted by activities. This is fundamental the same number of may talk about their qualities, yet one sees what is certified when activities put words to. Qualities apply impact over our mentalities and perspectives impact our conduct. Qualities are indispensable to demeanor arrangement and to how we react to individuals and circumstances. Singular qualities drive various practices, which thus drive individual execution and at last hierarchical execution (Graziadio Business Report, 2009). Driving moral conduct with qualities and perspectives requires that there be arrangement among qualities, mentalities, and conduct. The four fundamental qualities that this group perceive as significant are trustworthiness, collaboration, execution, and learning. Albeit every part has shifting motivations to utilize these qualities, in various degrees of need, there are times that setting individual inspirations aside and acting with objectivity by making the right decision being instituted. This group has demonstrated that the qualities they state are all around lined up with the activities performed. Acting evenhandedly and decently is a drawn out driver of moral conduct. Recalling the â€Å"Golden Rule† details the drive. Individual and working environment esteems, morals assume a significant job in any association that is basic to progress. To accomplish a fruitful arrangement among corporate and singular qualities, there should be a cooperative connection between the organization and the individuals it utilizes. This advantage contains a significant incentive to both the association and the worker. Apple acknowledges change and addresses it in the strategic vision explanation just as the estimations of the organization. The qualities give guidance for the workers, accomplices, and clients. Apple is fruitful in the hey tech showcase, it is additionally known for its failure to differentiate its workforce. All together for Apple Inc. to be fruitful, it must have the option to comprehend and grasps assorted variety, inside business, accomplices of the organization, the business sectors, and nations Apple Inc. works together in. Decent variety of workers, accomplices, and clients shows the qualities found in the School of Ethical Relativism. This idea states esteems are not quite the same as culture to culture, and society to society and the qualities will change to be adequate inside the way of life or society convictions (2004 McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. ). Apple is extremely committed to serving their investors in the most expert and moral manners conceivable. Apple has an arrangement of administration that supervises the everyday activities of the Chief Executive Officer and all senior administration. This arrangement of administration is known as the Board of Directors. â€Å"To fulfill the Boards obligations, executives are relied upon to take a proactive, centered way to deal with their positions, and set norms to guarantee that Apple is focused on business accomplishment through the upkeep of exclusive expectations of duty and morals. † (Governance, 2014). The board has created advisory group sanctions and rules for administration, for example, business lead strategies, hostile to defilement approaches, corporate administration rules, irreconcilable circumstance rules, political commitments and use, related gathering exchanges and numerous others. These measures to guarantee trustworthiness are expertly upheld and assembled quite well. Apple has gone well beyond to guarantee a significant level of morals to ensure a positive result for their workers and investors. These qualities are an incredible establishment for any business to actualize to guarantee a strong relationship with proprietors and investors while at the same time securing their clients and representatives in the entire everyday tasks. Since its origin in 1984 the Apple Inc. has developed to get one of the greatest notable organizations on the planet. This climb happened from savvy the board, imaginative thoughts and advertising just as innovative work. To close group B will broke down the sources, inspirations and improvements of individual qualities that influence each day rehearses, and recognize the inceptions and advancements of qualities inside the working environment. This conversation additionally distinguished the estimations of Apple Inc. what's more, clarified how all were lined up with the plans and activities including a clarification of the contrasts among organization and individual qualities.

The Impact of Delta Waves on Deep Sleep

The Impact of Delta Waves on Deep Sleep Student Resources Print The Impact of Delta Waves on Deep Sleep By Kendra Cherry facebook twitter Kendra Cherry, MS, is an author, educational consultant, and speaker focused on helping students learn about psychology. Learn about our editorial policy Kendra Cherry Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Daniel B. Block, MD on November 25, 2019 twitter linkedin Daniel B. Block, MD, is an award-winning, board-certified psychiatrist who operates a private practice in Pennsylvania. Learn about our Medical Review Board Daniel B. Block, MD on November 25, 2019 AMELIE-BENOIST/BSIP/Getty Images More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers A delta wave is a type of high amplitude brain wave found in humans. Delta waves have a frequency from one to four hertz and are measured using an electroencephalogram (EEG). These brain waves are thought to emerge from the thalamus and are generally associated with slow-wave sleep (during the third stage of sleep.) This period of time during which delta waves occur is often known as deep sleep. How Delta Waves Are Measured Delta waves were first identified and described in the early 1900s after the invention of the electroencephalogram allowed researchers to look at brain activity during sleep. During sleep, the brain cycles through a number of different stages differentiated from each other by the brain activity that occurs during each stage. During the initial stages of sleep, people are still awake and somewhat alert. At this point, the quick and small beta waves are produced. Eventually, the brain begins to slow down and slower waves known as alpha waves can be observed with an EEG. Once asleep, the three stages of sleep can begin. Stage 1 (N1) is light sleep, typically beginning soon after getting into bed and lasting roughly 7-10 minutes. At this point, the brain creates a slow, high amplitude activity known as theta waves. Stage 2 (N2) sleep encompasses about 50% of a nights sleep and is marked not only by sleep spindles but also K-complexes. This stage lasts slightly longer than the previous stage. Stage 3 (N3) is deep sleep and should encompass about 20-25% of a nights sleep. During this stage, the brain begins to produce the slow and deep waves of delta sleep. People are far less responsive and less aware of the external environment at this point. Delta wave sleep is often thought of as a transitional point between light and deep sleep. Previously, researchers distinguished between stage 3 and stage 4  of sleep, but they are now recognized as combined stages. Delta waves are associated with the deep sleep stages, 3 and REM. During stage 3, less than half of brain waves consist of delta waves, while more than half of brain activity consists of delta waves during REM sleep. It is in the next stage that REM sleep begins. This stage is characterized by rapid eye movements and increases in dreaming. Interesting Facts About Delta Waves Interestingly, research has found that women display more delta wave activity than men. Females among most other mammalian species display a similar tendency, although researchers have not yet agreed on a specific reason why.Ketogenic diets, which are very high in fat and low in carbohydrates, can cause delta wave increases.Brain disorders can also have an effect on the display of delta waves. Parkinsons disease, schizophrenia, and narcolepsy are all characterized by changes in delta wave activity.Some drugs and chemicals have been shown to impact the brains delta waves. Alcohol can also have an effect on delta waves and long-term abuse can lead to lasting changes in delta activity.

Describe Information Security Training and Awareness - 14300 Words

Describe Information Security Training and Awareness (Other (Not Listed) Sample) Content: Comp Exam First Report IntroductionInitially, it is imperative to state that quantifiable study is allied to positive prototype. However, it could be explained further that quantitative study comprises of collection of raw data and consequent conversion of statistical information into mathematical form that enables ease of statistical analysis and conversely drawing an explorative conclusions. Moreover, determination and manipulation of statistical data require comparison of quantitative analysis methods between Structural Equation Modeling and Regression Analysis would be used to analyse how inadequate employee training can compromise valuable information in an organization. However, the process of research will have one or more hypotheses especially regarding questions to be addressed; for example, the predictions about perceived relationships. The process would enhance disparities and comparison of variables. But, in order to ensure the integrity and reliability of the study, it would explore distinct questions through the use of various instruments and materials like observation check lists and computer tests, in addition to a clearly defined plan of action (Finger, 2007). Importance of Information Security Training and AwarenessWith regard to organization, information security could only be enhanced through effective training, which is not simple task. As such, employees within an organization need to explore challenging tasks (Aloise, 2010). But, unless there is effective training on how effective information system could be handled, it would me more or less useless to waste resources to train. When one or many of the employees is/are unable to maintain high confidentiality of information, organization risks exhibiting information mishandling or inappropriate use of information by unauthorized persons (Tipton Krause, 2008). Such organization is likely to be noncompliant of highly growing number of legal implications that necessitate adopt ion of specific level of privacy and data security. Other valuable assets and organizational corporate reputation are likely to be compromised (Vacca, 2012).Moreover, when initiating change, it is imperative to state that not every employee or members of management team would embrace similar ideology (Tipton Krause, 2008). To some extent, some of the incompetent employees/ personnel would feel as is the process of initiative information system is to render their services obsolete since they are not able to cope with change, while others would view it with positivity since organization would be at stake without enhancing stringent security measures to safeguard data and information system (Aloise, 2010). The process of analyzing how inadequate training of employees could compromise valuable information within an organization require numeric dataset hence the need to adopt quantitative analysis methods and techniques (Vacca, 2012). Moreover, the analyses are based on levels of resear ch validity, reliability and also considering information bias so that an all-inclusive approach may be adopted to deliver comprehensive outcome on how organizational information could be secured to enhance high productivity and effective work culture (Aloise, 2010).An organization should brainstorm on several factors before engaging in quantitative data analysis; for example, there should be explicit understanding of how organization communicate its policies to personnel, how the trainings are conducted, methods adopted by organization in communicating the training resources, whether the organization is concerned with verification of desired results from training sessions or not (Vacca, 2012). In other words, it calls for in-depth understanding of whether organization updates its education programs as a routine culture to effectively improve in getting the right output and communication from the personnel (Aloise, 2010; Vacca, 2012). Training should also consider and integrate work ethics and compliance ethics between the employees and management, which implies that both staff and management should undergo and put into practice similar educational message being staff of the same institution (Aloise, 2010). This could enhance customer trust and satisfaction as a result of due diligence, accountability, and compliance with published policies within the organization leading accomplishment of targeted benchmarks (Tipton Krause, 2008). Sentences Data will be collected through respective processes and procedure that could effectively be integrated in statistical analysis. However, data collection process would be conducted through stylish SCP (statistical computer packages) like SPSS (Hoyle, 2014). Moreover, analysis will determine the extent to which IT and management practices impact organizational practices (Mueller, 2012). There would research variables which conversely varies with research process adopted. This could be a simple association (e.g. the IT syste m in place). However, statistical analysis will explore complex relationships and also determine the extent one variable influences another. In accomplishing the task, research will explore and discuss issues related to sampling, data validity, reliability, and bias respectively (Hoyle, 2014).Objectivity of the research is very important in quantitative research. Consequently, it will explore employee and managements attitude towards training to affirm that inadequate training could compromise IT system (Fox, 1997). However, in some cases, adopting IT training may change the employee or management approach to common problems that necessitated the integration of new system making the participants to derive negative attitude towards the management practices (Mueller, 2012). Moreover, this could also necessitate adoption of critical approach to examining appropriate methods of implementing the system leading to distinct conclusions that underscores any exhibited bias. Besides, research will ensure measure what claims about whether IT systems have positive impact on management in organizational setup (Ryan, 2008). There would be clear understanding of the kind of IT system in place and what the system mean to the management fraternity in organization. Hence this approach has to be considered especially in preparing and controlling IT systems (Fox, 1997; Mueller, 2012). External factors, which might affect the results like employees level of acquaintance with IT, should also be recognized as an important factor in ensuring that information management system (IT system) is not accompanied by other changes that might adversely affect the organization (Fox, 1997). Moreover, it could be stated that key emphasis within quantitative study is based on rational perception; this is believed to adopt a tend aimed at moving from general to specific IS (information system) considerations regarding the study topic, which at times could be regarded as a top-down approach. But, it is somewhat that the legitimacy of conclusions would however, be illustrated based on numerous considerations within the organization. Thus affirming prior statements, findings or conditions as being valid (Hoyle, 2014). According to Fox (1997), researchers seldom access other processes within distinct groups (e.g. employees with IT skills, and managers who embrace integration of IT systems in enhancing the integrity of valuable information (Hoyle, 2014). This creates the need to derive the in-depth meaning of Reliability, which could be described as an extent to which require stable set of variables that it is anticipated to quantify. Moreover, if numerous dimensions are adopted in deriving reliability, then it would effectively be dependable in affirming respective research values.The comprehensive examination will entail comparative analysis of two quantitative analysis regarding effects of inadequate training on valuable organizational information (Ryan, 2008). In contrast, it will explore a more effective quantitative analysis which could be adopted in analyzing e real life situation as far as Information technology is concerned in an organization. In furtherance, the paper will somewhat explore issues of sampling, validity, reliability and bias as far as quantitative data analysis processes are concerned (Hoyle, 2014).Quantitative MethodsThere is a growing interest in adoption and use of Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) techniques in regard to adoption and use of information system within organizations. In furtherance, it is important to compare between two SEM and derive a conclusion in order to derive in-depth understanding of Structured Equation Model techniques (Mueller, 2012). This enhance better understanding on realization of when to use SEM. Moreover, in understanding the level and extent to which SEM methods could be implemented in information system research; similar dataset would be analyzed and compared in two classes (Ryan, 2008). In t his case, there would be discussion on linear regression models so that an explicit understanding would be realized on when to use either linear regression model of structured equation techniques in analyzing quantitative data. Leading to conclusion on best approach to take in analyzing how insufficient employee training can compromise valuable information (Mueller, 2012).Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) TechniquesThis is an integration of techniques like PLS (partial Least Squares) and LISREL1 which could often be referred to as SGM (second generation models) of analyzing data (Hoyle, 2014; Mueller, 2012). Moreover, these two techniques are affirmed to be effective in testing the extent to which information technology system research that meets distinct and recognized standards in high quality statistical analysis. It implies that the techniques could be used for statistical inclusion validity (Fox, 1997). However, SEM in contra...

Challenge of Intercultural Communication1 Free Essay Example, 2500 words

In such context, the study has identified 5 responsibilities of each person for sending accurate messages when he or she communicates with someone from another culture. Responsibility 1: it is not humanly possible to translate languages word for word. As a result, using idioms or local jargons might create problem for receiver to understand the meaning of the message. Therefore, sender should avoid using idioms and use phrases that bear most specific denotative meaning for receivers of the message. Responsibility 2: sender of the message should not be distracted by dress, environmental discomforts, appearance of receiver who has different cultural orientation (Thill & Bovà ©e, 2004). Responsibility 3- conducting prior research on rituals, communication manner and value system prioritized in the culture of message receiver. Based on such cultural study, sender of the message should modify the communication approach (using direct straightforward mode or indirect approach). Responsibi lity 4- if the sender is confident about cultural dynamics of message receiver, then, he/she can use informal communication style (Thill & Bovà ©e, 2004). Responsibility 5- when placed in an unfamiliar situation, sender of the message needs to be humble and maintain patience to understand the requirements of receiver who belong to different cultural orientation. We will write a custom essay sample on Challenge of Intercultural Communication1 or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Verbal as well as nonverbal communication of the sender of the message should be clear, informative, consistent and honest so that receiver can decode the communicated messages easily (Thill & Bovà ©e, 2004). Question 2: What is the responsibility of the listener/receiver, when he or she communicates with someone from another culture? Eisenberg, Goodall & Trethewey (2007) and Kinloch & Metge (2014) pointed out that a communication process cannot be completed without the presence of listener/receiver of the message. Without collecting feedback from receiver of the message, sender of the message fails to get the assurance regarding complete understanding of the message for receiver. According to Daft (2009), ‘Noise’ caused by culture misunderstanding may decrease the effectiveness of communication between sender of the message and receiver of the messages. When he or she communicates with someone from another culture, listener/receiver may face three types of noses such as semantic noise, psychological noise, physiological noise and physical noise. In case of intercultural communication, receiver of the message needs to overcome semantic noise and psychological noise.

Locke And John Lockes Theory On Personal Identity

Personal Identity or ‘Self’ has been a very important topic for philosophers for many years. Personal identity is how you describe or think of being which is derived from memories that have taken place over the years. John Locke was a philosopher who believed that your ‘Self’ or personal identity come from memory which is also referred to as consciousness in Locke’s writings. Locke believed that you are who you are, because your thoughts are yours alone no matter the vessel. However, in this paper we will go over a few instances where Locke’s theory on Personal Identity poses a few concerns and why those concerns prove his theory to be invalid. Personal Identity is defined in the Merriam Webster’s Dictionary as â€Å"The persistent and†¦show more content†¦We are not who we were X years ago. Locke explains change of identity through an example of an oak tree, he says ‘†¦an oak growing from a plant to a great tree, and then lopped, is still the same oak†. (Locke, John) but is it the same oak? Sure, the physical changes took place, but is this the only change that the oak went through? As mentioned above regarding change, we are constantly evolving and changing who we are on a daily basis despite what our memories hold. Locke’s theory suggests that even if we cannot remember one thing, but can remember another, then the forgotten memory no longer matter because we were able to remember the most recent memory which proves our ‘self’. This theory simply cannot work due to several instances that deal with your memory alone. Your memory is made up of various occasions that hav e taken place in your life. If you remember walking for the first time as a baby, and what took place the night of your twenty-first birthday, you wouldn’t necessarily connect those two memories together, those very different memories do not stand alone as to what shaped you as the person you are today despite your consciousness. Locke’s theory being based around consciousness poses a few more issues to take into consideration when deciding on the validity of this theory. A common story that is linked to Locke’s theory goesShow MoreRelatedEssay about Why Is Personal Identity Important in Lockes View?1596 Words   |  7 PagesIn his essay Of Identity and Diversity, Locke talks about the importance of personal identity. The title of his essay gives an idea of his view. Identity, according to Locke, is the memory and self consciousness, and diversity is the faculty to transfer memories across bodies and souls. In order to make his point more understandable, Locke defines man and person. Locke identifies a man as an animal of a certain form and a person as a thinking intelligent being. Furthermore, to Locke, a person has reasonsRead MoreJohn Locke s Theory Of Self And Personal Identity Essay1449 Words   |  6 PagesJohn Locke a seventeenth century Philosopher uses a number of thought experiments in his 1690 account, ’An Essay concerning Human Understanding’. He uses these thought experiments to help explain his definition of the self and personal identity. The thought experiments that are used, go some way in explaining his opinions and in clarifying the role that memory plays in defining the term. Although defining personal identity was and still is a complex subject and not all philosophers share the sameRead MoreJohn Locke And Personal Identity1224 Words   |  5 PagesJohn Locke states that personal identity is a matter of physiological continuity that is based on the consciousness of a person rather than the individualâ €™s body. Personal identity is constituted by memory connections; specifically the depiction of autobiographical memory connections that result in constituting personal identity. John Locke states that a person’s personality and psychology can be transferred to another body and that individual can still stay the same person because the consciousnessRead MoreJohn Locke s Argument For Personal Identity Essay1547 Words   |  7 Pagespurpose of this essay is to define what Personal Identity is by analyzing John Locke’s argument for Personal Identity. John Locke’s argument for Personal Identity will be examined, in order to establish a better understanding of whether or not the argument for personal identity could be embraced. In order to do so, the essay will i) State and explain Locke’s argument that we are not substances or mere souls and ii) State and explain Locke’s concept of personal identity and its relations to what he callsRead MoreJohn Locke Is Wrong And Identity Of Humans1535 Words   |  7 Pagessay? Or are humans something else, a soul perhaps? This has been debated for centuries by great philosophers, and one of them is John Locke. His idea of identity of a human is that humans are conscious beings thus their identity involve consciousness. However, Thomas Reid believes that Locke is wrong and identity of humans are transitive. But Locke’s To John Locke, identity of a person is their conscious; not substance or soul. However, what is a substance or a soul? Materialists believe that humansRead MoreEssay about The View of Self1177 Words   |  5 Pages The view of the self and the theory of personal identity are one of the most interesting topics in the world of philosophy. It attempts to answer the question as to what makes the person now the same person that existed a year (or any period of time) ago. The world is constantly evolving and becoming more technologically proficient; ones identity is becoming more difficult to define. John Locke, an early modern philosopher, is credited as beingRead MoreEssay Personal Identity 1209 Words   |  5 PagesThe two positions of personal identity over-time consider whether we are ‘tracking persons’ or ‘human beings’. Through analysing Locke’s account of personal identity and his definition of a ‘person’, the first side of this argument will be explained. However in opposition to Locke’s theory, the second position that considers us as ‘human beings’ will also be assessed, as advocated by animalists such as Olson. In response to this examples of cases such as amnesia will also be taken into considerationRead MoreJohn Locke’s Theory of Personal Identity Essay1692 Words   |  7 PagesJohn Locke (1632-1704) said ‘To find wherein personal identity consists, we must consider what person stands for †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ (Locke, in set book, p. 275). Therefore, to recapitulate Locke’s philosophy on personal identity it is necessary to clarify how he inimitably used the term ‘person’ and consequently other words, such as ‘substance’ and ‘man’, which he utilized to form his philosophical ideas. Furthermore, his work on personal identity inspired debate amongst many subsequent philosophers and motivatedRead MoreAnalysis Of David Hume s And John Locke1406 Words   |  6 PagesThe philosophy of identity generally is defined by three distinct approaches: identity of mass of matter, living being, and personal identity. In both David Hume’s and John Locke’s essays they examine the meaning of identity in three concise sub theories. The two agree on certain characteristics, but are dramatically differing on others. As one evolves over time, are they identified as the same person? Hume and Locke have written essays on their specific hypotheses about identity. The authors provideRead MoreIs Personal Identity in the Mind of the Beholder?795 Word s   |  4 Pages Personal identity is a very controversial aspect of life. Who are we? What defines us? According to John Locke, psychological continuity is what defines our personal identity. Locke discusses the case of the prince and the cobbler to help shape his theory. However, I absolutely disagree with Locke’s theory. Locke’s theory of personal identity creates many problems, such as the duplication problem. By reformulating Locke’s theory of personal identity, we still come across these problems that

The Philosophy Of Modern Day Psychology - 1401 Words

Perhaps almost all branches of knowledge as we know them today have a strong link with ancient civilizations. The ancient Greek civilization is one of them. Not that the contribution of other ancient civilizations such as the Mayan or Egyptian are of less importance, it’s just that the ancient Greeks can be accredited for being the promoters of the natural sciences. Psychology as we know today is the study of mental functions and behaviors, however it is believed that psychology stemmed out of philosophy. The word psychology in Greek translates as psuche which means the vital breath or the human soul. Philosophers such as Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle have had great influence on the ideas of modern day psychology. There interpretations of the mind, soul, and behavior have a strong association with the thoughts and theories of psychologists such as Freud, Skinner, Pavlov, and others. Socrates is considered the founding figure of western philosophy. There are no writings by Soc rates himself, much of what we know comes from Plato’s Dialogues. That being said Socrates asks Crito, â€Å"Do we believe, that the part of our make-up, whatever it is, which right and wrong concern is of less importance than the body?† (Robinson 337). This here indicates that Socrates had already brought up the concept of the mind and the human body. It seems as if with this question he is trying to test his friend Crito’s knowledge, when Socrates knows that the mind and body are of equalShow MoreRelatedHistory of Modern Psychology836 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology Franklyn Rivas UOPX History and Systems in Psychology 310 Lillian Fillpot May 03, 2011 A History of Modern Psychology Before psychology officially became a science, many great intellectuals of previous centuries had contributed to the philosophy behind psychology. This philosophy can be trace back to the times of the Greeks, middle ages, and the renaissance period. However, the link between philosophy and modern psychology became possible in the late 18thRead MoreEssay on Exploring International Psychology1045 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction In researching the ancient roots of international psychology, I found that I gravitated with special interest to the ancient roots of Greek, Chinese and Indian psychology. In this research, I found myself replaying a statement I read when learning about the hypothesis regarding the history of psychology. This statement is â€Å" It may be possible that parts of history have indeed been chaotic whereas other parts have been linear and progressive and still others have been cyclical† (KingRead MorePsychology : The Science That Almost Never846 Words   |  4 PagesExperimental Psychology: The Science That Almost Never Was. Unit 4 History of Psychology paper For many, Wilhem Wundt is considered the father of modern psychology, but his work was built upon the labor of those who came before him. And so if we are to fully appreciate the great strides that have been made in this area of science credit must be given to those who, like the Wright Brothers did for aviation, helped get it off the ground in the first place. Two such contributors were physiologistRead MorePhilosophers and Scientist of Modern Psychology1454 Words   |  6 PagesRUNNING HEAD: Philosophers and Scientist of Modern Psychology Philosophers and Scientist of Modern Psychology History of Psychology While the philosophical distinction between mind and body can be traced back to the Greeks, it is due to the works of one great Philosopher that till this very day this is still in existence. Rene Descartes was the first to ever talk about the interactions of the mind and body, which later on in psychological history caught the attention of others who cameRead MoreThe Early Stages of Psychology974 Words   |  4 PagesThe Early Stages of Psychology Philip C. Allen PSY/310 May 3, 2012 Shruthi Vale The Early Stages of Psychology People have been searching for answers to life’s problems since the dawn of mankind. Humans would look to the stars for answers. They would look to nature for a cure. They even looked toward the heavens for gods to cure their ailments. Not until recently did we, as a race, begin to look towardRead MorePsychology : My View On Psychology1277 Words   |  6 PagesPSYCHOLOGY: MY VIEW 3 Psychology is often misconstrued as a form of diagnostic and treatment only for individuals who have mental or emotional problems. However, this is just one form of psychology. The online general psychology course at South University introduces the student to a more accurate notion of psychology. The following essay will provide an overview of the material learned on the first two weeks of the online class. As such, the reader will have a better understanding of psychology;Read MoreHistory of Modern Psychology Essay754 Words   |  4 PagesA History of Modern Psychology PSY 310 Andrea Terpstra March 15, 2010 Lillian Fillpot A History of Modern Psychology The history of psychology is in infancy at the present time. Many philosophers can be credited to the development of this science. Starting in the early 18th and 19th centuries philosophers such as Rene’ Descartes and John Locke opened the world of what we know as psychology today. The British empiricists also contributed to psychology. Some of these men include David HumeRead MoreEssay on Theoretical Positions of Jung, Adler, and Freud1471 Words   |  6 Pages While science worked diligently to quantify and validate early structuralist perspectives in psychology, early functionalists were hard at work developing theories that were more qualitative in nature. Although not directly associated with the functionalism movement, Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, Alfred Adler, and William James were clearly most concerned with how psychology could improve the lives of the individual and less inclined to laboratory research. Through each psychologist’sRead MoreThe Philosophers Who Contrubuted to the Development of Behaviorism891 Words   |  4 PagesAristotle (385-322 BCE) are often spoken of together due to the unique relationship they shared. Aristotle was the student of Plato, who was intern the student of Socrates, and it is their developments in philosophy, a precursor to modern psychology, that begin to lay the seeds for what would one day develop into behaviorism. Socrates began by teaching the need to examine in order to know truth, and contributed greatly in the development of ethics. From here Plato, a Rationalist, expands by statingRead MoreEdward Cecil Sumner : Father Of Black Psychology1241 Words   |  5 Pagesconsidered the ‘First’. Sumner was the first African American male psychologist, he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter who you are, what you are, or where y ou come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked

The University Of Nebraska Medical Center - 931 Words

The University of Nebraska Medical Center-Omaha has recently been recognized for excellence in accommodating individuals with disabilities. This is an excellent accomplishment and one that everyone should be proud of. The state of Nebraska, the State Medical Board, and all persons with disabilities who visit the medical center are very proud of this accomplishment and recognition. As a diversity consultant, I am very familiar with the ADA, the persistence it takes to maintain it and the key elements of a team to be successful. The University of Nebraska Medical Center-Omaha, brought me here just a few short months ago to see what could be done to perfect the program. There were some small adjustments to be made, but overall the program here is working beautifully. The ADA was first established July 26, 1990. The program began in 1988 when many people in the United States began to challenge social barriers that were excluding them and their disabled children from being part of their communities (Mayerson, 1992). Prior to the ADA, no federal law prohibited discrimination against people with disabilities (McNeil, 2014). Local groups began to establish and advocate for the rights of all people with disabilities. Thousands of people rallied together to create an equal disability rights movement, allowing people with disabilities to do things equal to those without disabilities. Many years ago segregation toward people with disabilities was â€Å"normal;† many people believed in theShow MoreRelatedAmerica s Largest Facilities For Disease Control And Prevention1263 Words   |  6 PagesThe Biocontainment Unit in Nebraska is the one of the nation s biggest facilities. The Unit was created mainly to defend against bioterrorism, and Dr. Julie Gerberding of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) launched the construction of the Nebraska Biocontainment Patient Care Unit in 2005. That year, Nebraska was ranked 6th for the bioterrorism preparedness in the country. (Ebola treatment: why America s largest biocontainment unit is in Nebraska, 2014) The Patient Care Unit wasRead More2017. Stem Cells. Many People Around The World Like The1133 Words   |  5 Pagescells for a very long time, since 1956 when the first successful bone marrow transplant was made by Dr. E Donnall Thomas. There are not many cons to not use stem cells but they are very i mportant to consider. Stem cells should not be used in the medical field due to ethical issues, health concerns, and a lack of research. There has been a lot of people talking about stem cells and its all over the news. Although most of the people agree with the method to get stem cells and what people use themRead MoreTrauma Research Paper1289 Words   |  6 Pagesthe nearest trauma center. Whether it be by helicopter or ambulance, paramedic and nurses will be providing critical, life sustaining care for the patient until arrival at the trauma center. In Omaha, Nebraska there are two level I trauma centers; CHI Health Creighton University Medical Center Bergan Mercy and the University of Nebraska Medical Center~ Nebraska Medicine. Children’s Hospital and Medical Center is also a licensed level II trauma center located in Omaha, Nebraska specializing in pediatricRead MoreTriage Protocols In Pros And Cons1566 Words   |  7 Pagesprotocols on ED LOS. The study completed at the University of Arizona found that when triage protocols are initiated early in the care of patients in the ED, the total length of sta y decreases. However certain variables including splinting, casting, and setting up for procedures has direct effects on the LOS. Some studies focused more on orthopedic injuries and the initiation of radiographs in triage instead of waiting until the patient is seen by a medical provider. When triage protocols were initiatedRead MoreNebraska Catholic Health Initiatives Is A Non Profit Organization And Faith Based Health System1334 Words   |  6 PagesDescription of the Organization Nebraska Catholic Health Initiatives is a non-profit organization and faith-based health system. This is a large corporate organization across the country. The reason why l chose this organization is because I am currently employed as a provider relations coordinator. This is a catholic based organization, moreover it’s the largest non-profit health system in Nebraska. It operates a total of ten hospitals across the state, one academic center in Omaha, home health agenciesRead MoreEssay on Foster Parenting in Nebraska: The Victims Advocate Project1247 Words   |  5 Pages Having previously been a foster parent here in Nebraska, I knew immediately where I wanted get my information for this Victims Advocate Project. Having worked directly with the Child Advocacy Center in Lincoln with some of my former foster children, I was happy to get into contact with its executive director, Lynn Ayers. Lynn has been working in victims advocacy, particularly as a children and family advocate for over 36 years, and has a wealth of knowledge on the subject. In her time in thisRead MoreThe Impact Of Pesticides1513 Words   |  7 Pagesconducted on farmers since they are most exposed to the pesticides. One study was conducted in eastern Nebraska, and the study determined the risk of glioma, a brain tumor, associated with farming and the use of agricultural pesticide (Lee et al). The study included random selections from the eastern Nebraska area, and study was completed by telephone communications of men and women in the Nebraska area who were diagnosed with gliomas (Lee et al). The participants were asked what type of pesticidesRead MoreThe Health Status Of The United States775 Words   |  4 Pagesparents] are more likely to be exposed to second hand smoke (Hawkins Berkman, 2014). Children exposure to smoke is a social problem what would require the collaboration of organizations including law enforcement and health care institutions. Although Nebraska cur rent laws does not prohibit smoking in the vehicle, parents and caretakers who expose children to second hand smoke should be charged with child abuse (Hicks, 2014). On the other hand, health care institutions can reinforce the efforts by organizingRead MoreMy Career As A Nurse1890 Words   |  8 Pagesnurse anesthetist. In the medical field, a nurse anesthetist requires many skills and abilities. These skills and abilities can range from being able to communicate and work with people, to being able to work with a calculator and different math equations. Different careers require workers with different abilities, and whether or not a person has these skills can determine if he or she is still interested in that career. For example, a doctor working in the medical field will have different skillsRead MoreReflection Paper On Surgeon905 Words   |  4 Pagesgraduated from Oral Roberts University and then went on to attend medical school at the University of Nebraska. After obtaining his Medical Doctorate in 1993, he went to the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences for an internship, before doing his residency at St. Francis Hospital in Tulsa, OK. It was at St. Francis that Dr. Katsis obtained his board certification in general surgery. In the final step of his training, Dr. Katsis went to Elvis Presley Memorial Trauma Center in Memphis, TN to do a year

IIO course Free Essays

For example, learning through trial and error how to interact with one’s spouse or one’s boss intelligently may be expensive for the person as well as for others in terms of emotional energy drained, career failure, or broken relationships. This course will take you through the accumulated wisdom on interpersonal skills. After all, wise people learn from others’ experience and from the accumulated wisdom. We will write a custom essay sample on IIO course or any similar topic only for you Order Now Learning Goals: In addition to the course objectives mentioned above, students should expect to develop the following by end of the course 1 . Decision Making Skills and Analytical Ability : An ability to arrive at a feasible criteria for Implementation of a decision among a set of equally competitive possibilities : through quantitative and / or qualitative analysis of data and contextual information / industry analysis . Critical Analysis and Creative Communication Skills: Each student should be able to identify key issues relevant to this course, develop a perspective supported by externally obtained / instructor provided information ; capacity to distinguish between major, minor, peripheral and irrelevant factors as well as exogenous and endogenous variables ; and present and defend the decision arrived at based on the assessment criteria already established. . Interpersonal Communication and Group Working Ability: Each student is required to demonstrate an ability to appreciate peer group member view point and work In team environment, exalting a clear understanding of Individual roles and tasks, ability to Identify and resolve Required Text Book: Hunter, J. C. (1998). The servant: A simple story about the true essence of leadership (p. 187). New York: Crown Business. Additional Readings: as per course outline EVALUATION COMPONENTS: Components of Course Evaluation Percentage Distribution Class Participation You should come to class fully prepared with each session’s prescribed readings completed (prepared means being capable of starting an educated discussion or answering the facilitator’s questions in class on any section). A deep and thorough understanding of the required readings is expected. Preparedness will be tested individually by asking questions to some students. If you are unable to answer questions satisfactorily, you will lose 5 percentage points of the weighted for this course each time you fail to answer a question raised by the faculty in the class (this means that if you fail to answer four questions in class, you will lose the entire 20% for class participation). Moreover, for each session you must summarize your insights n the form of a short sentence/phrase of not more than 140-characters (including spaces). This â€Å"tweet† for each session must be submitted on the web link provided to you before 0600 hours on the day of the session. The tweet must not be picked up from any of the prescribed readings, but is a summary of your insights from the readings. Do not share your tweet with others- if two or more students have very similar or same tweets, then all concerned students will lose all marks for their submission. Quizzes (There will be one quiz at the end of the course, which will include only little-choice questions with h negative marking). 80% Total 100 COURSE MATERIAL AND HANDOUTS: Soft copies of course material including case studies will be uploaded in the blackboard. Hard copies will be distributed prior to the class and will be available at resource center SESSION WISE TOPICS AND READINGS: session NO-I Session Title Introduction students learn about leadership through service to others. Journal of Business Ethics, 15 (1), 103-110. Pedagogy Lecture and Discussion Session No-2 Session Title Introduction to Karma-Yoga Reading Material Karma in its effect on character. Karma-Yoga, 1-12. Hunter Prologue. Pedagogy Lecture and Discussion Session No-3 Session Title Leadership and Power Reading Material Hunter Chapter 1 (The Definitions). What is duty? Karma-Yoga, 52-64. Pedagogy Lecture and Discussion Session No-4 Session Title Introduction to Servant Leadership Reading Material Hunter Chapter 2 (The old paradigm) Hunter Chapter 3 (The model). Pedagogy Lecture and Discussion Session No-5 Session Title Love and Leadership Reading Material Hunter Chapter 4 (The verb). We help ourselves, not the world. Karma-Yoga, 65-77. Session No-6 Session Title Managing the Environment Reading Material Hunter Chapter 5 (The environment) Hunter Chapter 6 (The choice). Session No-7 Session Title Why lead? Reading Material Hunter Chapter 7 (The payoff Hunter Epilogue The ideal of Karma- Yoga. Karma-Yoga, 117-131. ATTENDANCE Regularity in Attendance Regular attendance is considered extremely important in the BGP. All students therefore, must comply on regular attendance in class. The relative deduction of having attendance of less than 60% (irrespective of medical certificates) shall not be permitted to appear for the examination in that term/academic year and will carry â€Å"F† read in the course. Institute uses biometric attendance for recording attendance of students. In the event of two continuous sessions, students are required to punch twice at the beginning of each session if there is a break in between the sessions. The class room doors will be closed within 5 minutes of starts for each session. Student attendance will be a component while grading them for the course. If the instructor wishes to take physical attendance along with the Biometric attendance, they will communicate the same in the class. In this case also Biometric attendance ill be the official record (and not the physical attendance) for the course. Instructors have been advised to report about habitual absentees (habitual absentee is defined as students absent in the class for more than three classes consecutively). Unauthorized absence from class/institute will be considered a breach of discipline and the Institute will be free to take appropriate action in such cases. The same student will be asked to face disciplinary committee. Students will not be given any attendance for any committee related activities which warrants them to drop from the class. They are required to undertake all committee related work beyond class hours. Under extra-ordinary circumstances, students may obtain leave of absence under the following rules and procedures: Prior permission of the Director BGP must be obtained for availing of leave. Students are not permitted to go out of station during the terms. In the event of students visiting their local guardian for overnight stay, they must inform the Director BGP and adman office (Officer in charge of hostels) and only travel after receiving a proper gate pass. If a student is noticed to be out of station for overnight thou any intimation to the Director BGP, disciplinary action will be taken against him/her to the extent of debarring the student from appearing in the examinations. In case of sickness, medical certificate issued and/or countersigned by the doctor along with the prescribed application form must be submitted to the BGP Office within 3 days of Joining classes after illness. No student shall be allowed to Join the program unless he/she presents a medical fitness certificate duly endorsed by a Medical Officer of the designated hospital only. No medical certificates from doctors there than the Institute approved hospital will be entertained. Institute’s approved hospital’s Medical Officers will issue medical certificates only in case of diagnosed illness where they are convinced that the student is too ill to attend classes. These include hospitalizing, communicable diseases (chicken-pox, jaundice and typhoid) and accidental injuries (fractures, deep traumas). Cases depending on the genuinely of the case by the BGP Director. However no compensatory attendance and examination will be held for the period of leave. Students will be awarded grades on the basis of their attendance level and reference only in the classes from which they were present. Before applying for leave to the Director BGP a student should contact his/her course instructors to ensure that he/she is not missing any quizzes or examinations during the leave period. The BGP Office or the faculty concerned will not be responsible for the student losing any segment of evaluation on account of his/her leave. No compensatory opportunity will be given for quizzes and other class room based components on account of leave of any kind. Attendance and Performance Grade Penalty Each student is expected to attend a minimum of 80% of classes in each course. The grade penalty will be imposed on all the students who do not meet the minimum 80% attendance requirements in each course in the following manner: Attendance of Student Performance Grade Penalty More than or equal to 70% but less than One grade drop (e. G. From A to A-) More than or equal to but less than 70% Two grade drop (e. . From A to B+) Less than 60% F grade will be awarded If a student gets D grade in a particular course and also gets a grade drop due to attendance shortage, ‘D’ will become an ‘F’ grade. If a student fails to meet the specified attendance requirement, his/her grade in the respective course(s) would be ordered by the Director BGP in accordance with the grade penalty rules laid down above. Ex iting and Entering Students are expected to remain in the classroom, be mentally alert, and participate in the class proceedings for the duration. If a student must leave early for unavoidable reasons, that student should obtain permission from the professor before the class begins. Leaving and re-entering the class is not permitted, except under extraordinary circumstances. Faculty members may cross check the attendance and if a student is found absent in the class, the case will be sent to spieling committee and actions will be taken by the committee. Norms of Behavior Students should demonstrate respect for Faculty and fellow students. Respectful behavior contributes to the enhanced learning experience. Students should refrain from disruptive behavior such as eating, using laptops, and holding side- conversations. Using laptops during is allowed only on the instruction of the proper forum instead of seeking an immediate solution. All grievances may be addressed to the BGP-Director or respective functional heads and in his absence, to the Executive Director. In such cases, a copy should be marked o the above. Respect the Facilities Students are expected to help maintain chairs, display screen, desktop computers, LCD, tables, window curtains and electrical fittings in good usable condition and not damage them or render them useless. Students are expected not to destroy the classroom ambiance. The cost of damage, loss or theft on account of students will be recovered from them. When this cannot be attributed to one student, the cost will be recovered from an identifiable group of which the individual is a part or from the entire batch. Students are expected to use cans to dispose of trash. They are also encouraged to remove defacing or unclean material voluntarily. Essentially, students should always use proper reporting and escalating mechanisms for concerns and issues. Under no circumstances should students take matters into their own hands. Students are expected to use only the students’ dining hall for dining. Classrooms or any of the other administrative or academic areas shall not be used for dining. Great Lakes has adopted the principle of preserving the environment. Therefore, it tries to inculcate in the minds of its students and staff, a sense of being one with tauter causing no harm anytime, anywhere, and under any circumstances which will result in damage to the environment. Smoking, chewing tobacco and drinking alcohol in and around the premises is strictly prohibited. Severe penalties will accrue to those students caught violating this. Use of Laptops in the class Use of laptops in the class is strictly prohibited during class hours, unless specifically authorized by the Faculty or the Academic Administration. Biometric Readers: Bio-metric readers are installed for attendance in class rooms. Students must register their attendance using only these devices. How to cite IIO course, Papers

Leadership Reflections free essay sample

I am approaching the age when many people are retiring or seriously considering it. I am in neither category at the present time. I would like my civilian career to conclude just as my 27-year military career concluded with me in a leadership position. Not necessarily a supervisory position, but a leadership position for sure. Since entering the U. S. Air Force at the young age of 19, I have been studying leaders. At first it was a fascination because some of them seemed so young and all of them seemed so confident and mission-oriented. I wanted some of what they had and set my sights to achieve it. Along the way, I witnessed and/or survived some not-so-good supervisors and even a few not-so-good high-ranking leaders. How I actually survived them, only God knows, but I know I had to call upon Him on many occasions. He put good leaders in my path to counter the negative actions of the few bad supervisors and leaders, and also I think, to show me what good leadership really looks like from up close personal perspectives. I eventually succeeded in reaching the highest enlisted pay grade in the Air Force. I felt like I had taken the best of the good leaders and remembered the lessons from the bad leadership and become a good leader. Good leadership, however, is defined by those who are led. Just as I decided which of my supervisors and leaders were good and bad, those under my guidance decided if I was a good or bad leader, I am not privileged to make that determination of myself. This strategic leadership class and the survey results has given me cause to pause and again reflect on leadership. One of the central themes we heard constantly throughout the class was that a leader must first have a vision of his/her own. â€Å"If there is one thing that can profoundly increase a leader’s chance of success, it is developing and sustaining a compelling organizational vision. † (Nanus, 1992) That is something I never did. I always helped the leader carry out his/her vision. So in the purest sense of the word, I guess I was more of a high-ranking manager versus leader. SCORES Leadership Trait Questionnaire AVG SELF 1. Articulate 5555555 2. Perceptive5555555 3. Self-Confident5555555 4. Self-Assured5555554 5. Persistent5555554 6. Determined5555555 7. Trustworthy5555555 8. Dependable5555555 9. Friendly455554. 85 10. Outgoing355544. 44 11. Conscientious5555554 12. Diligent5555555 13. Sensitive555544. 85 14. Empathetic555544. 85 Skills Inventory Technical Skill – 23 Human Skill – 28 Conceptual Skill – 23 Style Questionnaire Task – 23 Relationship – 38 Situational Leadership 1. S3 / C 2. S2 / A 3. S2 / D 4. S4 / C Contingency Theory (LPC) Score = 41 Path-Goal Theory Directive = 32 (high) Supportive = 29 (common) Participative = 15 (low) Achievement = 23 (common) Leader-Member Exchange Theory Score = 23 Transformational Leadership Theory (Transformational Leadership Styles) Idealized Influence (Attributes) = 2 Idealized Influence (Behaviors) = 4 Inspirational Motivation = 3 Intellectual Stimulation = 2 Individualized Consideration = 2 (Transactional Leadership Styles) Contingent Reward = 4 Management by Exception: Active = 1 (Passive/Avoidance Leadership Styles) Management by Exception: Passive = 2 Laissez-Faire = 2 Strengths and Weaknesses I was pleased with the results of the LTQ survey. I believe that I have leadership qualities and this survey appears to confirm that belief. I scored myself a little lower in the Self-Assured and Persistent categories. I believe everyone has a little self-doubt at times and I’m no different. On occasion, due to lack of persistence, I also find myself getting a little off track of my goals or even unsure that I’m pursuing the right goals. Continuing my education with classes such as this one, helps me get back on track. I don’t think these are areas I necessarily need to concern myself too much with. The mark-downs in the Friendly and Outgoing categories are my biggest concerns. I have been told by past subordinates whom I still have connections with, that as a leader, I can be a bit intimidating. I tend to focus a lot on the job at hand and not so much on the relationships involved. I know that I don’t think favorably about people who spend too much time socializing at work, but I need to do a little more of it myself. That is why Outgoing is the lowest of my LTQ survey ratings and why I also marked myself down in that category. I think the Friendly category ties directly into that and taking care of one will gain positive results in the other. Because I sometimes get extremely disorganized, or messy, I marked myself down in the conscientious area. About once every two or three weeks, I won’t be able to locate something important and that is when I find myself organizing things and promising myself that I will do better. It is the result of a very busy lifestyle and something I know needs improving, but that I believe to be under control. The last two areas of the TLQ survey Sensitive and Empathetic were also marked down by someone but not by me. I think these two areas can also be related to the Friendly and Outgoing categories. The fact that I’m not involved in the daily social gatherings and mostly keep to myself at work probably contributed to these markdowns. The Skills Inventory revealed that I am pretty well-rounded as I scored high in all three areas. I was happy that the highest was in the Human category. Again, on the Style Questionnaire, I was extremely pleased, and somewhat confused, that my leadership style tends to be oriented more on relationships than tasks. Maybe the leadership style that I want to have or think I have, is not perceived as such by others. The Situational Leadership exercise showed that I avoided using a S1 high-directive/low-supporting style (Northouse, 2013) even when needed. Implications The LTQ results confirmed for me that I really am a people-person. I have a few short-comings, but the bottom line is that I have a deep desire to help people and it shows. However, I have some work to do in the area of being a little more sociable or touchy-feely if you will. John Kotter said in his book that complacency is a fatal error when trying to transform a business. A sense of urgency must be established immediately (Kotter, 1996). Likewise, I believe complacency is a fatal error when trying to transform oneself. If we want to become someone of great impact, we must establish a sense of urgency immediately and begin taking appropriate actions. It’s one thing to sit in a classroom and get motivated by hearing about great leaders from the past and present, but it’s quite another thing to begin taking other meaningful action to become a great leader yourself. I have a decision to make. Am I going to go full throttle towards making a significant difference in the world, or am I going to simply ride out the next ten years and retire from the Federal government? I have a desire to be a great leader, but there is not a burning passion inside of me to change or invent something. It’s more like a sickening stomach ache from witnessing such poor leadership around me and thinking I could do much better. I would love to be at the top of the proverbial food chain and have a chance to implement my vision, but I must first determine what my vision is. There will be many sleepless nights if and when I do decide that I’m up for the challenge and I don’t know if at 55 years of age already, I’m ready to turn my world, and that of my wife, upside down. Action and Time-line Leadership Action Plan Employee Information Name: Ric Leon Instructions Address each section below. The weaknesses should be those discussed in the strengths and weakness section of your paper. Address the top three weaknesses below. 1st Goal/Objective Description of Weakness: Not being perceived as friendly and out-going. Action to overcome weakness: I will push myself to socialize a little more at work. You can’t just go from a introvert unsocial co-worker one day to a well-liked and admired leader the next. I think it is important that I begin now to make myself more likeable, but not at the risk of selling my soul just to be liked by others. There is a fine line that distinguishes between being sociable and being a social butterfly. Importance:Essential Important Desirable Dates: I will immediately begin spending a few minutes talking to my co-workers and others before going on my way. If nothing else, at least a morning or afternoon salutation. 2nd Goal/Objective Description of weakness: Action to overcome weakness: Importance:Essential Important Desirable Dates: Conclusion This exercise in reflections on leadership has been an eye-opening assignment. I have learned so much about leadership from the classroom and through research. Just looking at my class mates and how they conducted themselves in their discussions and presentations has motivated me to become a better leader and more importantly, a better person. The presentations on leaders in our generation were all awe-inspiring. The reading assignments and exercises were spot-on. My prevailing strength I would presume is my ability to connect with people, thus there were no problems getting them to complete the surveys. Although the LTQ showed some vulnerability in a few categories, overall, I think it showed that I am pursuing the correct profession, which is human resources development, or helping people. I will work on the areas of concern from the LTQ survey and I will at all times conduct myself as if I were already a great leader and my legacy depended on it.

The Pursuit Of Happiness Essay Example For Students

The Pursuit Of Happiness Essay Love is perhaps the most actively sought moral objective of ones life. And though marriage is often thought to be the logical consequence of love, it is Oscar Wildes contention in his satire, The Importance of Being Earnest, that love begets bliss and marriage thwarts this course of bliss. Algernon Moncrieff spends very little time falling in love and the rest of the time striving toward engagement. Wilde demonstrates through him that once one becomes intent upon achieving a goal, the individuals motivation becomes a matter of action rather than truth. Algernon is no longer driven by a moral objective; instead, he becomes intent upon achieving a societal standard. The truth is rarely pure, and never simple (35). Love is truth. Marriage results in the systematic complication of love. Algernon becomes disillusioned in the process of seeking truth. In defining Algernons preconceived notion of marriage and then describing the subsequent earnest pursuit of engagement, Wilde achieves a consequential climax that satirizes marriage. Algernon is a pompous man of seemingly strong, albeit unconventional, convictions. Wilde uses him for the sole purpose of mocking the sanctimonious institution of marriage. In the beginning of the play, Algernon considers Jacks intent to propose to Gwendolen to be business, not pleasure (30). Yet eventually Algernon also resolves to propose to Cicely, discrediting his own established belief: I really dont see anything romantic in proposing. It is very romantic to be in love. But there is nothing romantic about a definite proposal. Why, one may be accepted. One usually is, I believe. Then the excitement is all over. The very essence of romance is uncertainty (30). Algernon clearly, at one point, sees marriage as a means to an end. Once he meets Cecily, however, the idea of maintaining truth above reality is hard to rationalize; he wants only to move forward in the proper manner established by society. Upon initially hearing about Cicely, Algernon is intrigued. She is no more than a name on a cigarette case. After intense probing, Jack discloses Cicelys identity. Algernon then tells Jack, I would rather like to see Cicely (51). She suddenly becomes more of a name to Algernon, and he begins to pursue her as more than a person; she becomes his moral objective. When Jack reveals to Gwendolen his address in the country, Algernon secretly writes the address on his shirt-cuff (53) in hopes of going to meet Cicely. Shortly after his first encounter with her, he reveals to Jack, I am in love with Cicely, and that is everything (71). This newfound love is his truth. He admits to her, Cicely, ever since I first looked upon your wonderful and incomparable beauty, I have dared to love you wildly, passionately, devotedly, hopelessly (73). Yet Algernon quickly abandons the truth imbedded in love, his moral objective, and instead opts for convention. I dont care for anybody in the whole world but you. I love you, Cecily. You will marry me, wont you? (74). The irony displayed through Algernons self-contradiction is the pivotal progression that eventually results in Wildes intended resolution of the play Algernon reveals he simply wanted to be engaged to Cecily (88) to Jack, who quickly dismisses him. There is certainly no chance of your marrying Miss Cardew (88). It is this obstacle, and its respective denouement, which outlines the basis of Wildes thematic emphasis. Prospective marriage, by means of engagement, serves not only as an obstacle but also a resolution. In Algernons view, Cecily is the sweetest, dearest, prettiest girl in the whole world. And he doesnt care twopence about social possibilities (98). .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .postImageUrl , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:hover , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:visited , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:active { border:0!important; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:active , .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7 .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u27a74f3a073150030f5f9ea5c8dfb7a7:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Clown Essay In actuality, however, it is the promise of social possibilities that motivate him to an end. For, it is his eventual conformity to societal norms that destroys the moral truth he once held dear. By the time Wilde establishes definite engagement for the couple, Algernon and Cicely embrace, and the play ends. As Algernon said in Act 1, The excitement is all over (30). This anti-passionate climax epitomizes Wildes sardonic wit, humoring a societal institution. Algernon achieves what he believes he wants, but loses his motivation in the process. Marriage, at one point, seemed to be very problematic to Algernon. His .

Escaping a Protectionist Rut Policy Mechanisms for Trade Reform in a Democracy

The article â€Å"Escaping a Protectionist Rut: Policy Mechanisms for Trade Reform in a Democracy† by Blanchard and Willmann published in Journal of International Economics in March 2011 offers a two period overlapping generations (OLG) model for discussing the mechanisms of trade liberalization and the main influential factors affecting them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Escaping a Protectionist Rut: Policy Mechanisms for Trade Reform in a Democracy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The authors distinguish between the two main mechanisms of trade policy reforms, including those of protectionist and liberalization strategies which can be chosen by decision makers, depending upon the levels of their awareness and skills. By using a historical perspective, Blanchard and Willmann provide the historical examples of protectionist and liberalization mechanisms which were used by different countries, analyzing the consequences of these decisions and making reasonable conclusions concerning the effectiveness of each of them. For example, Jefferson’s Trade Embargo of 1807 is mentioned as an example of a protectionist legislation mechanism used for restricting the trade. Taking into account the fact that this experiment failed and became one of important predictors of war between the United States and Britain, this historical example demonstrate the ineffectiveness of the protectionist route as compared to the strategy of liberalization of trade. The article under analysis can be related to the class material because it applies a theoretical framework to the historical analysis of the Embargo Act of 1807, explaining the main causes of its failure and role in establishing protectionist constituency in the country. This generalization-based approach is valuable for understanding the main factors affecting the choice of the mechanisms of the trade reform in comparison to other examples f rom the world and national history. Additionally, applying the conclusions of the historical and theoretical overviews to the modern context, the authors shed light upon the historical lessons which should be learnt from Jefferson’s Embargo Act of 1807 and other examples for avoiding similar mistakes in the future. Works Cited Blanchard, Emily and Gerald Willmann. â€Å"Escaping a Protectionist Rut: Policy Mechanisms for Trade Reform in a Democracy.† Journal of International Economics 85.1 (2011): 72-85. Web.Advertising Looking for essay on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This essay on Escaping a Protectionist Rut: Policy Mechanisms for Trade Reform in a Democracy was written and submitted by user Reece Diaz to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Music Research Paper

Music Research Paper Music research paper leads to a wide array of discussion specially when written at university level. Music research paper is written by the arts students or students interested in the role of music in their own required fields. When it comes to writing a research paper on music, students are quite confused in selection of research method. First solution is to find the main research topic. Normally if you need help to write a research paper on music, you should have the basic knowledge of your music paper requirements. In general, research paper on music is written in different dimensions and categories. Music research paper topics are of different kinds such as: International Music European Music Asian Music American Music African Music These types are general and can be made more specific by adding certain period, confined geography, singers and types of music. Music research paper topics are highly different in different in different courses and universities as music is universal and nothing specific in term of research boundary can be defined. Research paper on music is always written under close support and supervision of concerned teacher or supervisor. Writing a music research paper or selection of area or music research paper topics’ allocation all are diverse issue and need your complete understanding to the concepts of music and its related issues. When you need help to write a research paper on music, you have many options to consult from i.e., your friends, classmates, teachers, other faculty members and your library. If you find all these resources insufficient in giving you required support, you probably would look forward to an external help to write a research paper on music. For help in writing a research paper on music, best possible source can be a good custom writing company with proven success track and global cliental. You can buy custom research paper on music online from many companies but the problem is quality and originality of work. Many companies claim writing research papers on music but as it is not an easy task, most of their claims prove wrong when students place an order with them. Whenever we work on writing research papers on music as company, we need to have a good and very strong background on the topic. When it comes to order a research paper on music, its becomes very risky if a careful selection of writing company is not made by the students. CustomWritings.com is the custom writing company engaged in writing music research papers since 2005. We have thousands of satisfied customers from major American and European universities. We have not earned this reputation over night; it is the result of un-tired professional working of our writers and staff. When you are writing a research paper on music or you need help to write a research paper on music, you must try the services of CustomWritings.com without any fear. You will get a timely response from our support team and high quality completely original work from our highly qualified and learned writers. Writing a research paper on music has become easy for you now. Just order your music research paper with CustomWritings.com and go to smell some flowers.

Managing a multicultural workforce and multicultural customers Essay

Managing a multicultural workforce and multicultural customers - Essay Example Managing a multicultural workforce and multicultural customers The functions of human resource management become more varied and complex when the customers and employees are located around the world. Apart from the factors such as technology, economic systems, legal frameworks and industrial relations, the cultural factors also assume great importance in the managing of a global workforce. And the most prominent manifestation of the cultural challenge is the diversity of modern workforce. Thus the human resource in all transnational business endeavors has become increasingly diverse in terms of age, gender, ethnicity, culture, political views, physical abilities and psychological orientation. This essay aims to explore the thesis that efficient management of a multicultural workforce can serve as a pool of opportunities for businesses that cater to a multicultural customer base. The concept of culture is difficult to define in explicit terms. On a broad and generalized level, culture refers to the set of characteristics and features that defines a group and separates it from other groups. The famous social psychologist Florence Kluckholn has defined culture as â€Å"a patterned way of thinking, feeling, and reacting, acquired and transmitted mainly by symbols, and constituting the distinctive achievements of human groups, including their embodiments in artifacts.† The expert organizational scholar Geert Hofstede has described culture as â€Å"the collective programming of the mind that distinguishes one human group from another†.

The influence of the holy mosque of Mecca within popular culture Essay

The influence of the holy mosque of Mecca within popular culture - Essay Example The city of Mecca and the holy mosque has changed over the years. The pilgrimage in Mecca draws around two million to three million people from all over the world to go worship at the Mosque. The city has now become a modern spectacle and people talk about going to Mecca simply because it is popular and not for the significance of it and the pilgrimage (Bosworth, 2007). People send a lot of photos and messages from the site and share them on social media. The popular culture has a lot of influence on people all over the world. People have the pressure of sharing the information and experience of the pilgrimage with the world. The pilgrimage at Mecca has been described as being in twenty super bowls with two million people play the game. The holiest part of the pilgrimage is put to the side, and people decide to focus on all the hype and fun of millions of people visiting Mecca (Stefano, 2000). Saudi Arabia gets a lot of revenue from the event, and it has improved the countrys economy immensely. Mecca has a powerful influence on the other Muslim nations and the Muslims look for opportunities and a chance to be able to visit Mecca in their lifetime (Bosworth, 2007). Most of the people interviewed concerning their reasons for wanting to visit Mecca have answers connected to popular culture instead of it being a holy land. Most of the people want to visit the city and the mosque because it is popular, and people who visit them are considered important in the world. Visiting the city during the annual Hajj is quite expensive, and there are several festivities that accompany the pilgrimage. It is a luxury to visit the city, and people want to go visit the place to have a respectable name in the society. Western culture has a significant influence on the events that take place in Mecca. The people who can afford to go to the holy mosque are urged to make sure they go. The current culture in the world has made Hajj be an event of

How Changes Of Family Structure Affect Society

How Changes Of Family Structure Affect Society Many countries have experienced very significant changes in patterns of family formation and family structure. Great Britain is one of the countries where these changes have been particularly marked with the result that British families have become less stable . The roles of women and men with the parents or within the family have also changed. The last 100 years have seen changes in attitudes and expectations. Bruner, J. (1985) Vygotsk, the last 100 years have been seen in the structure of technology, attitudes and expectations. Families are mix of cohabiting parents, stepfamilies, single parent families, those living apart together and civil partnerships, as well as the traditional family. it was necessary to prove that in one of five ways such as unreasonable behaviour, desertion, adultery, two years separation with consent, five years separation without consent. The changes in marriage, divorce and cohabitation have contributed to the growing number of new types of family. Two in five of all marriages are now remarriages, which makes stepfamilies one of the fastest growing family forms in Britain. In the decade to 2006, the number of single parent families also increased to 2.3 million, making up 14% of all families. Consequently more and more children are now growing up in single parent families, and in stepfamilies. A growing number of couples are also now living apart together, often following failed marriages or cohabitations. Initial estimates suggest that around two million people have regular partners in other households excluding full-time students and people who live with their parents. In most cases this is due to working in a different location to the family home or because the relationship is still in the early stages . However, womens focus on their career may also be a factor. As women choose to focus on their career before set tling into a committed relationship, they are getting married and having children later in life. Finally civil partnerships between same sex couples have created a new type of family. By the end of 2007 there had been 26,787 civil partnerships since the law was introduced in December 2005. Teenage motherhood is one of the most distinctive features of British Demography. Without teenage pregnancies, Britains rate would fall from 1.8 to 1.68 (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2; also Coleman 1997). Teenagers throughout Europe both East and West now engage in sexual intercourse at earlier ages than their parents or grand-parents. In disapproval pre-marital sex . Marriage was broken, little remained to prevent young people who are physically ready to have sex from doing so. The analysis of European social attitudes data (Chapter 3; also Scott, Alwin, and Braun 1996) provides information about attitudes to pre-marital sex in various countries in 1994. In these information ,52 per cent were opposed to men, and 63 per cent opposed to women, having any pre-marital sex. Only a small number believed that pre-marital sex was natural (McKibbin 1998: 296) For teenage men and women in Britain today, the average age at à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ rst intercourse is 17. But whereas in most of Western Europe, rates of teenage motherhood have fallen as teenage sexual activity has risen. Demographically, Britain more closely resembles to Eastern Europe, where a tradition of marriage has long meant high teenage fertility rates (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2; also Coleman 1996b: 23).Almost all of the East European births are inside marriage while all of the Western are outside marriage with a large number being outside partnership as well. In Britain, teenage births account for just over one-à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ fth of all non-marital births 21 per cent while 80-90 per cent of teenage births are outside legal marriage. In 1996, there were 44,700 babies born to women aged 15-19. Although this represents a rise over the previous year. However, it is also the case that the number of teenage girls in the population was falling from the early 1980s onwards and that the rate at which 15-19 year olds become pregnant and remain pregnant .The conception rate and the abortion rate was stable or rising throughout the period and into the late 1990s (ONS 1997d: 62). Figure shows changes in the abortion rates for selected years since 1974.There was a large drop from 1974-84 when teenage births fell steadily. From 1984 onwards, however, conceptions have à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uctuated around 60 and abortions around 35, per 1000 women aged 15-19. The stability of both the conception and abortion rates gives few grounds for thinking that in the short term at least . British teenagers will behave different than they have in the past. And as their numbers in the population are set to rise over the next decade and number of b abies born to teenagers (Craig 1997). Britain is also distinctive for its high divorce rate. Thirty years ago, there were two divorces for every 1,000 marriages. Liberalization of the divorce laws in the 1970s was sharp rise in divorce and by the mid-1980s about 1,000 marriages ended in divorce a rate (Pullinger 1998). The rate of increase is slower now than in the 1970s and early 1980s largely because the married population contains fewer of those at high risk (Murphy and Wang, Chapter 4). Nonetheless, 40 per cent of marriages will end in divorce measures of divorce per 1,000 marriages or per 1,000 population. Moreover, people are divorcing after shorter periods of marriage. One in ten marriages which took place in 1981 ended in divorce within 4.5 years, compared with one in ten divorcing within 6 years in 1971 and after 25 years in 1951 (Roberts 1996: 2). Early marriage have long been understood to be strongly associated with marital breakdown. The younger the age at marriage, the greater the likelihood of the marriage ending (Kiernan and Mueller, Chapter 16). Between 1971 and 1996, people under age 25 experienced the greatest growth in divorce rates with rates increasing for men and women (Pullinger 1998). The problem of lone motherhood is poverty. Research suggests that, as a group, lone mothers have few chances of obtaining other than low-paid work, often because they enter the labour market disadvantaged by their low level of qualià ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ cations (Bryson, Ford, and White 1998). The majority, however, have young children to care for and thus need jobs which provide enough income to meet the costs of child care. Consequently, lone mothers in Britain are less likely to be employed than in most other case countries and in the 1970s and their employment rate has declined. The difference in economic activity between married and lone mothers is particularly sharp between women with children under age 5. In the 1970s, lone mothers with preschool children were more likely to be in work than married mothers This changed during the1980s, and during the 1990s married mothers with young children have been twice as likely as lone mothers to be economically active. During the1990s one in two m arried mothers with pre-school children have been in employment compared with fewer than one in four comparable lone mothers (Kiernan, Land, and Lewis1998: 128). Most of the fall in employment among lone mothers has come in full-time work while the full-time employment of married women has risen with part-time work remaining stable. People live alone for a variety of reasons. For example, living alone may be a permanent choice and for others , it may be a temporary. While there are more people living alone at all ages and the largest increases since 1971 have come among men and women under retirement age, particularly those aged under 40 (Hall and Ogden 1997). The increase in solo living among people under pension age rejects the way in which household change is some-times linked to economic change. Since 1970s ,the number of lone-parent families has been increased in Britain and also the proportion of children raised in such families (Coleman and Chandola, Chapter 2). In the late 1990s, 1.6million families in Britain with dependent children. During the 1960s, divorce overtook death as the primary source of lone-parent families while in the 1970s and 1980s, sharply rising divorce rates and falling remarriage rates furthered their growth (Kiernan, Land, and Lewis 1998; Murphy and Wang,Chapter4). From the mid-1980s, however, most of the growth in lone-parent families has come from never-married mothers as changing attitudes towards pre-marital sex. Nonetheless, there has been a substantial increase in the number of single women who become mothers while not living with a partner (Berthoud, McKay, and Rowlingson, Chapter 15). Since in 1990s, women who had never married before becoming mothers (Pullinger 1998). The parents who were working and busy of whole day to day responsibilities, grandparents could spend more time with their grandchildren and develop a special bond (Weissvourd, 1998). Children and their grandparents each were close to each other and were able to offer mutual support for each other. There were lot of facilities on the parents to teach their children even that grand parents played important role in this situation. This gave scope for reciprocal social relationships and joint interaction in learning and contrasts with the role of the parents as well as grand parents in learning (Bruner, 1985). In the context of the family, mutual trust and respect for each members perspective (Rommetveit, 1974, 1979) was a important to this process. Government has moved away from financial support for marriage towards families. Legislative changes have given families more flexibility to maintain their home and work lives and have a degree of choice in their options. The public would like to see support made available to families and delivered to the service provider and providing additional cash. In recent years the amount of money spent by government to support families has increased significantly but it has also been dramatically re-targeted which has the effect of shifting support from one type of family form to others. Up until 1999 the three key family benefits were Child Benefit (which began in 1975), Family Credit for low-income working families, Married Mans Allowance (it became the Married Couples Allowance in 1990). Family benefit as it is available to all those in employment with a low income including single people with no dependants. However, couples and single parents do get additional credit and there is a childca re element for those that have children.